期刊文献+

有机-无机态肥氮在微型农业生态系统的转移和循环研究 被引量:22

Transferring and cycling of organic and inorganic nitrogen in micro-agroecosystem.
下载PDF
导出
摘要 本文应用^(15)N示踪法研究了有机态和无机态肥料氮在微型农业生态系统中循环的机理,以及配施下各自的功能和相互影响。初步结果表明,在土壤-黑麦草-兔亚系统中,草对硫铵^(15)N利用率达59.36%;以草饲兔,所收集兔粪^(15)N回收率为11.78%,尿为17.98%。兔粪尿N与硫铵N以1:0,0.5:0.5,0.3:0.7和0.1配施种稻,结果表明,在土壤-水稻亚系统中:(1)0.5:0.5配施促进穗头和根系发育;(2)稻株吸收有机态和无机态肥料N的比例,受配施比例的影响;(3)与单施无机肥料氮比较,配施下无机肥料氮利用率未提高或甚至下降;(4)0.3:0.7配比使有机态肥料N利用率提高;(5)0.5:0.5配比,有机肥能明显地促进无机态肥料N从秆向谷运输;(6)有机肥使无机态肥N在土壤中的固化作用增加,从而使无机肥料氮向环境转移量下降。农业生态系统具有多组分和牧食-碎屑复合食物链,氮素再循环指数达0.5,生态稳定性和发育程度优于单一种植系统。 ^(15)N labelled technique was used for understanding the transferring and cycling of nitrogen in micro-agroecosystems with soil-ryegrass-rabbits-rice compartments and soil rice compartments. Preliminary results showed that the utilizational rate of (NH_4)_2SO_4 by ryegrass was 59.36% for the above ground portion and 9.79% for roots. As ^(15)N labelled ryegrass was comsumed by rabbit,the ^(15)N labelled recovery rates in feces and urine collected were 11.78% and 17.95% respectively. Rabbit excrement-nitrogen was integrated with inorganic fertilizer nitrogen in different proportions as 1:0, 0.5:0.5, 0.3:0.7 and 0:1 for rice culture. Results showed that the uptake of nitrogen by rice plant was 67—70% from the soil and 30—33% from fertilizers.The utilizational rates by rice plant were increased with the proportion of inorganic nitrogen. They were 36.94%, 40.52%, 40.73% and 43.91% for treatment 1—4. The yield of rice grain decreased with the proportion of inorganic nitrogen, however. The functional effects of organic fertilizer on the ecosystems were:(l) promoting the ear and root development of rice plant;(2) increasing the transferring ability of nitrogen from straw to rice grain, especially in 0.5:0.5; (3)maintaining inorganic fertilizer nitrogen in soil; (4)decreasing losses of nitrogen to air and waters. In treatment 0.3:0.7, the utilizational rate of organic fertilizer nitrogen was enhanced, and no considerable increment of utilizational rate of inorganic fertilizer nitrogen was found in the study. According to the complexity of food chain and the nitrogen recycling indexes in different microecosystems, it is considered that the maturity and stability of the ecosystem were higher in treatments 1:0,0.5:0.5, and 0.3:0.7, but lower in the treatment 0:1 which consists of rice plantation and relaying on inorganic fertilizers only.
出处 《应用生态学报》 CAS CSCD 1990年第1期67-74,共8页 Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金 农业部和国家自然科学基金
关键词 微型生态系统 肥料氮 氮循环 ^(15)N labelled technique,Micro-agroecosystem,Organic and inorganic fertilizer N,Cycling of N, Recycling index.
  • 引文网络
  • 相关文献

参考文献6

  • 1朱兆良,我国土壤氮素研究工作的现状与展望,1986年
  • 2焦彬,中国绿肥,1986年
  • 3张夫道,土壤肥料,1984年,1期,16页
  • 4文光华,家兔的营养生理学,1984年
  • 5黄东迈,土壤学报,1983年,20卷,1期,1页
  • 6曹亚澄,土壤氮素分析法,1981年

同被引文献222

引证文献22

二级引证文献286

相关作者

内容加载中请稍等...

相关机构

内容加载中请稍等...

相关主题

内容加载中请稍等...

浏览历史

内容加载中请稍等...
;
使用帮助 返回顶部