白浆土施硅肥与水稻产量构成因素及品质的关系研究

Studies on the Relationship between Rice Yield Components and Quality and Silicon Fertilizer in Albic Soil

采用田间试验,研究了在白浆土上不同硅肥施用量对水稻产量构成因素的影响。结果表明,在水稻上施用硅肥,可以显著地提高水稻产量构成因素,随着施肥量的增加,穗数、千粒重、穗粒数均表现出增加的趋势,以施硅量450～750 kg/hm2效果较明显。施肥量与穗数、千粒重呈显著的直线正相关关系,与穗粒数和空瘪率呈显著的二次曲线关系。相关分析表明,不同施肥处理的产量构成因素中,以结实率对水稻产量的影响最大,其次是穗粒数、穗数和千粒重,而空瘪率对水稻产量的影响较小,这表明施用硅肥主要从穗数、千粒重、穗粒数和结实率等方面来提高水稻的产量。

Field experiment was carried out to study the effects of application of silicon fertilizer on rice yield components.The results showed that the application of silicon fertilizer improved the yield components significantly.With the increasing of fertilizer,panicle number,thousand-grain weight and grain number have shown an increasing trend.The effect of silicon fertilizer was obvious under the amount of 450～750 kg/hm2.Fertilization was positively correlated with panicle number and thousand-grain weight.The grain number and empty flat rate showed a significant quadratic relationship with fertilization.Analysis showed that among the yield components,seed rate has greatest impact to rice yield,followed by the grain number,panicle number and thousand-grain weight,while empty flat rate has little effect on rice yield.This indicated that the application of silicon fertilizer raised the rice production mainly by the increase of thousand-grain weight,grain number and seed setting rate.