贵州导线覆冰的致灾机理研究

Study on Disaster-causing Mechanism of Wire Icing in Guizhou

导线覆冰是在一定气象条件下发生的复杂的物理过程,贵州是我国南方导线覆冰最严重的受灾区,每年都会发生不同程度的覆冰灾害。本文利用地面观测资料、探空资料、NCEP再分析资料和覆冰资料,通过分析影响局地线路覆冰的大范围气候、天气背景及其变化特征,结合已有的覆冰灾害事件,侧重于气候背景的角度,分析总结了2008～2011年贵州产生覆冰的天气气候特征,气象要素条件以及地理环境因子与导线覆冰的关系,主要得出以下结论:贵州省导线覆冰与中高纬大气环流异常,西太平洋副高的北移,对流层下层逆温层的影响密不可分;贵州省地处云贵高原,北边小槽移动影响与南方来的暖湿空气汇集之地,容易形成冰冻天气,加之导线多分布于山上,则导线的材质与分布,导线所在环境的空气湿度,空气温度,风向风速,降水与天气状况等,决定了导线覆冰的厚度。

Guizhou is one of the most wire icing affected areas in South China,almost every different degrees of wire icing disaster occurs every year.By using ground observation information,sounding information,analysis information and ice accretion information combined with climate,weather background and changes,some ice disaster events,this article analyzes and summarizes the climate features of wire covered ice,meteorological elements conditions,the relationship between the geographical factors and wire covered ice,and comes to the conclusions.