个人/集体主义倾向与知识分享意愿之间的关系研究:知识活性的调节作用

The Study on the Relationships between Individualism/Collectivism Orientation and Knowledge Sharing Intention:The Moderating Effect of Affectual Knowledge

以往对于知识共享意愿影响因素的研究并不少见,但从知识属性和组织文化层面出发的研究,以及表现在个体层面的文化倾向对知识共享的作用机理尚未缺少深入的研究。本文从知识属性和文化因素出发,以个体层面的个人主义倾向与集体主义倾向作为自变量,知识的活性程度作为调节变量,探讨了对知识分享意愿的影响。本文的实证研究表明,个人/集体主义倾向对知识分享意愿均具有显著正向作用,同时知识活性程度起到了调节作用。

The current studies have investigated the various factors which affect the knowledge sharing intention. However, the effects mechanism of knowledge attributes and individual cultural orientation on the knowledge-sharing in the individual level have not been deeply probed into. The purpose of this study is to add new insights into the mechanism through which individual cultural orientation relates to their knowledge sharing intention. At the same time, affectual knowledge was tested as a potential moderator between individual cultural orientation and knowledge sharing intention. Compared to conceptual knowledge and perceptual knowledge, affectual knowledge is more related to the value and affection of individuals. A survey study was conducted on 400 employees from the First Automobile Group in China. The study findings suggest that individualism and collectivism orientation have significant positive effects on knowledge sharing intention. The individuals with high individualism orientation or collectivism orientation are all willing to share knowledge with other fellows during daily work. Besides, the ones who are more collectivism orientated are more willing to share their knowledge than the ones who are more individualism orientated. The second major finding of this study is that the knowledge attribute of affectual knowledge influences how well people translate their cultural orientation into knowledge sharing intention. When the knowledge is highly affectual, people who are culturally more collectivism orientated tend to share their knowledge more than people who are culturally more individualism orientated. That is, the affectual knowledge significantly moderates the relationships between individualism/collectivism orientation and the knowledge sharing intention. HRD implications are drawn that human resource managers and practitioners should pay more attention on the cultural orientation of employees as well as the attribute of the disseminated knowledge in the organization. The findings of this study also enlighten researchers to explore the mediating mechanism between individual cultural orientations and knowledge sharing intention more deeply in the future study in order to improve the theoretical framework.