大学生对捐献造血干细胞的认知、态度与行为调查

A Survey on the Knowledge,Attitudes and Behaviors of Donating Hematopoietic Stem Cells among College Students

目的了解大学生对捐献造血干细胞(即捐献骨髓)的认知程度、态度与行为,探讨影响造血干细胞捐献行为的因素,为推广捐献造血干细胞的宣传教育提供科学依据。方法采用自编问卷,通过方便抽样的方法对广州市暨南大学、华南师范大学、广州医学院、中山大学的461名本科生进行问卷调查。结果大学生对捐献造血干细胞的认知平均得分为(3.25±1.074)分,其中医药类学生(3.42±1.053)、父亲有大学以上文化程度的学生(3.63±1.049)得分较高;78.2%的学生表示愿意捐献造血干细胞;Logistic回归结果显示,性别、认知得分、是否愿意参加捐献造血干细胞宣传活动、对无偿捐献造血干细胞行为的态度以及亲人对其捐献行为的态度等都是影响大学生捐献行为的主要因素;大学生认为捐献造血干细胞行为难以推广的原因主要是宣传力度不够、信息不透明和社会舆论误导等;46.8%的大学生认为加强宣传教育是鼓励造血干细胞捐献行为的最主要措施。结论应提高大学生对捐献造血干细胞的认知。加强捐献造血干细胞的宣传教育,是推广捐献造血干细胞行为的重要举措。

Objective： To investigate the awareness,attitudes,and behaviors of donating hematopoietic stem cells（ie,donating bone marrow） and relevant influencing factors among college students,so as to provide references for the publicity and education for promoting the donation of hematopoietic stem cells.Methods：A self-designed questionnaire is employed to investigate in total 461 undergraduates coming from 4 colleges in Guangzhou city including Guangzhou Jinan University,South China Normal University,Guangzhou Medical College,and Zhongshan University.The investigated subjects are chosen by convenience sampling.Results：The average score of cognition on donating hematopoietic stem cells is 3.25 ± 1.074 among the college students,in which the medical majors（3.42±1.053） and students whose fathers have better education backgrounds（a university education or higher）（3.63±1.049）get higher scores than the others;78.2% of the investigated students expressed their willingness to donate hematopoietic stem cells;The results from logistic regression analysis showed that the main influencing factors include student＇s genders,cognitive scores,the willingness to participate in the publicity campaign,their attitudes for hematopoietic stem cells donation and their family member＇s attitudes.The investigated students agreed that the main reasons why hematopoietic stem cells donation is rather difficult to be popularized include adequate publicity,lack of free flow of relevant information,and the misleading orientation of public opinion;46.8% of the investigated college students agree that strengthening publicity and education is the most important measure to encourage hematopoietic stem cells donation.Conclusion：Measures should be taken to enhance student＇s understanding of hematopoietic stem cells donation.And strengthening the publicity and education is a significant way to promote the donation behavior.