溴甲烷熏蒸对山楂叶螨和桃蛀果蛾的毒力研究

Research on the toxicity of methyl bromide against hawthorn spider mite and peach fruit moth

苹果是我国的重要出口水果,山楂叶螨(Tetranychus viennensis Zacher)和桃蛀果蛾(Carposinasasakii Matsumura)在苹果主产区广泛分布,严重威胁我国苹果出口。为确定溴甲烷检疫处理山楂叶螨和桃蛀果蛾的技术指标,本文系统测定了一系列温度条件下溴甲烷对山楂叶螨成螨和富士苹果中桃蛀果蛾老熟幼虫的毒力,确定在5℃、10℃、15℃、20℃和25℃下,溴甲烷熏蒸山楂叶螨死亡率达到机率值9所需浓度时间乘积(CT值)分别为126.66、84.35、59.15、45.23和40.33mg.h/L,溴甲烷熏蒸桃蛀果蛾死亡率达到机率值9所需CT值分别为128.05、81.80、52.91、41.56和36.43mg.h/L。根据上述结果,建议采用10.0～14.9℃40g/m3 2h、15.0～19.9℃32g/m3 2h、20.0～24.9℃24g/m3 2h和大于25.0℃20g/m3 2h作为出口苹果的溴甲烷熏蒸处理技术指标。

Apples are one of the most important fruits for export in China.Hawthorn spider mite（Tetranychus viennensis Zacher） and peach fruit moth（Carposina sasakii Matsumura） that occur widely in China seriously threatens the export of apples.In order to determinate the eliminated doses of methyl bromide against these pests for quarantine purpose,we investigated the toxicity of methyl bromide at different temperatures.The CT values of fumigation on hawthorn spider mite to achieve probit 9 mortality were 126.66,84.35,59.15,45.23 and 40.33 mg·h/L at 5℃,10℃,15℃,20℃ and 25℃,respectively.And the CT values of fumigation on peach fruit moth to achieve probit 9 mortality were 128.05,81.80,52.91,41.56 and 36.43 mg·h/L at 5℃,10℃,15℃,20℃ and 25℃,respectively.Based on these results we suggest that 10.0~14.9℃ 40g/m3 2h,15.0~19.9℃ 32g/m3 2h,20.0~24.9℃ 24g/m3 2h,25.0℃ 20g/m3 2h could be used for quarantine fumigation of apples.