创造性人才的成长规律和培养模式

Growth Rules and Cultivation Models of Creative Talents

拔尖创新人才的成长由自我探索期、集中训练期、才华展露与领域定向期、创造期、创造后期五个阶段构成;早期促进经验、研究指引和支持、关键发展阶段是指引这五个阶段的三种主要影响因素;创造性思维、创造性人格和创造性社会背景是三种重要的创造性素质;营造创造性环境、实施创造性教育、培养创造性能力、塑造创造性人格是创造性人才培养的重要途径;活动课程培养模式、课堂教学创新模式、高校与中学联合培养模式是三种有效的创造性人才培养模式。

This research introduces our systematical researches on the growth rules, the influences of cultural environment, and cultivation models of creative talents. The growth of creative talents includes five stages： self-exploration, centralized training, talent exhibition and domain confirmation, creation, and post creation. The factors of early positive experiences, assistance from scientific research, and utilization of critical developmental period may have a significant influence on the five stages. Creative thinking, creative personality, and creative social context are three critical creative qualities. Constructing creative environment, implementing creative education, cultivating creative ability and shaping creative personality are important methods of cultivating creative talents. Activities curriculum, creative classroom teaching innovation and combination of high school and university are three effective cultivation models for creative talents.