摘要
文章从国家创新体系角度,对创新能力测度相关的理论基础、方法工具、科技统计调查及中国的研究与实践进行全面梳理和分析。国家创新能力测度的发展与实践表明:国家创新体系理论(NIS理论)以系统论为指导全面考察创新活动的发生机制,为准确测度国家创新能力提供了有力支撑;不同时期形成的创新能力测度方法与当时占主流地位的创新理论密切相关;当前占主导地位的测度方法可分为建模计量法、综合指标法和DEA效率评价法三类,都是以NIS理论为支撑的;规范的科技统计调查是准确测度创新能力的前提,OECD是这方面的典范,其经验为发展中国家提供了参考依据;中国学者在测度方法的探索上有诸多独到之处,但国内科技统计调查工作仍有待进一步规范。
Measuring national innovation capacity is the fundamental work in promoting the construction of Innovation-oriented country. A through review is made on measurement of innovation capacity in perspective of national innovation system, including theories, methods, survey and statistics, and Chinese practice. The National Innovation System Approach provides a strong theoretical support and a useful guide for measuring innovation capacity. Measurement methods in different period are conformed to the mainstream innovation theory. And the methods based on NIS approach can be divided into three categories, modeling/econometrics, composite indicators, and efficiency evaluation based on DEA. Normalized survey and statistics in STI is a precondition for good measurement. OECD is the pioneer in this field, providing a reference for developing countries. Chinese scholars have made o lot of improvement in measurement methods. However, the STI survey and statistics are still expected to be normalized.
出处
《求是学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第1期42-50,共9页
Seeking Truth
基金
科技部创新工作专项项目
项目编号:2009IMD20400
中国社会科学院数量经济与技术经济研究所重点学科建设项目资助
关键词
国家创新能力
国家创新体系
测度方法
科技统计调查
National Innovative Capacity
National Innovation System
Measurement Methods
STI Survey and Statistics