基于上市公司数据的中国钢铁产业产能效率分析

Analysis of the Capacity Efficiency of China's Iron and Steel Industry Based on Data of Listed Companies

运用规模报酬可变的DEA模型和Malmquist指数方法,从产能和产出的角度对27家上市公司2000～2009年产出效率进行了分析,综合考察了这一时期中国钢铁产业的产能效率状况。研究结果表明,2000～2009年中国钢铁产业技术效率和动态效率都较低,存在大量的生产能力闲置。其中,较大规模企业技术进步明显,但存在较为严重的劳动力松弛;较小规模企业动态效率较高,但技术变动能力相对较差。由此,中国钢铁产业应充分利用现有的生产能力,以有利于技术效率的提升;保持产业政策的平稳以及增强企业的适应性,以有利于动态效率的提升。

Based on the production of capital and labor, we use the model of BC2 and method of Malmquist Index to analyze the Capacity efficiency of 27 corporations in China＇s stock market during 2000-2009. We find out the technology efficiency and dynamic efficiency of china＇s iron and steel industry are very low, and lots of production capacity is in idle. The corporations of big scale have a notable advance of technology, but have too much labor slack. Small scale corporations have a high dynamic efficiency, but technology advance is undesirable. As a result, we suggest that the most important thing to improve the technology efficiency of China＇s iron and steel industry is improving the productivity of existed capacity. Meanwhile, keeping policies constant and reducing the influence on corporations by new policy can improve dynamic efficiency of China＇s iron and steel industry.