基于风险的设计制造技术在国家技术标准中的应用

Application of Risk-based Design and Manufacture Technology in National Technological Standards

GB 150《压力容器》(2011修订版,以下简称"新版GB 150")已于2011年11月发布,将于2012年3月起替代GB 150—1998正式实施,"新版GB 150"与2009年12月实施的《固定式压力容器安全技术监察规程》协调一致,适应近十年来国内外压力容器安全管理理念与技术进步,吸纳了一些成熟的科研成果,确保压力容器的本质安全并提高经济性,其中以风险评估为基础控制失效发生的可能性和后果的设计制造技术就是"新版GB 150"的一个重要特点。受标准编制组委托,本文结合近十年国家科研项目成果与应用实践,就标准中的相关条款做一简要说明。

GB 150 ＂Pressure Vessels＂ （2011 Revision, hereinafter is referred to as ＂New edition of GB 150＂） has been published in November 2011 and will be officially enforced in replacement of GB 150 -1998 in March 2012, ＂The new edition of GB 150＂ is consistent with ＂Supervision Regulation on Safety Technology for Stationary Pressure Vessel＂ implemented in December 2009. It adapts to the progress of safety management concept and technology on pressure vessels at home and abroad in recent ten years, and absorbs some mature research achievements to ensure intrinsic safety of pressure vessels and improve economy of them. In the new edition, the design arid manufacture technology for controlling failure likeli- hood and failure consequence based on risk assessment is an important feature. Entrusted by the standard drafting group, a brief description with respect to releyant clauses in the standard is given in combination with the achievements and application practice of national scientific research projects in recent ten years in this paper.