不同运动方式对腰腹部肌群表面肌电信号的影响

The impact of using a Swiss ball to exercise the lumbo-abdominal muscles

目的探讨腰腹部肌肉在稳定平面与不稳定平面运动时表面肌电信号的变化。方法采用FlexCompInfiniti十通道表面肌电分析系统测试33例健康青年人腰腹部肌肉的肌电信号。所有受试者分别在稳定平面和不稳定平面下各完成端坐、双桥运动、屈膝双桥运动、反桥运动、俯卧撑等5个动作。结果①双桥运动，竖脊肌在不稳定平面上运动时的激活率显著大于稳定平面（P〈0．05）；②屈膝双桥运动，竖脊肌、腹外斜肌、腹内斜肌／腹横肌在不稳定平面的激活率显著大于稳定平面（P〈0．05）；③反桥运动，竖脊肌、腹直肌在不稳定平面的激活率显著大于稳定平面（P〈0．05）；④俯卧撑，腹直肌、腹外斜肌、腹内斜肌／腹横肌在不稳定平面的激活率显著大于稳定平面（P〈0．05）。结论腰腹部肌群在不稳定平面比在稳定平面下更容易激活。

Objective To explore any changes in surface electromyogram （sEMG） signals from the lumboabdominal muscles during exercise on stable and unstable surfaces. Methods sEMG signals from the lumbo-ab- dominal muscles of 33 healthy young persons [ 18 male and 12 female; average age （26.5 ± 4.3） years] were measured with the FlexComp Infiniti apparatus. Each subject performed 5 exercises on and off a Swiss ball： sit, bridge, bridge with both knees flexed, reverse bridge as well as press-up. Results （1）In bridging there was a significant increase in the activation of the erector spinae during exercise on the ball compared with on the stable surface. （2）Bridging with both knees flexed gave a significant increase in activations of the erector spinae, the external obliques and the transverses abdominus/internal obliques during exercise on the unstable surface compared with the stable surface. （3） During reverse bridging there：was a significant increase in activation of the erector spinae and rectus abdominus during exercise on the unstable surface compared with the stable surface. （4）During press-ups there was a significant increase in activation of the rectus abdominus, the external obliques and the transverses abdominus/internal obliques during exercise on the ball compared with the stable surface. Conclusion The unstable surface provides better training stimulus for the activation of the lumbo-abdominal muscles.