略论《雪中猎人》的极简主义风格

Minimalist Style of "Hunters in the Snow": Narrative Progression under the Regrouping of Male Bonding

美国"极简主义"作家托拜厄斯.沃尔夫的短篇小说代表作《雪中猎人》,讲述了三个性情迥异的朋友雪天猎鹿的故事。小说表现了背叛、谎言和抛弃的主题,但推动叙事进程向前发展的主要线索,是男性亲密同盟的重组和个人权力关系的变更。作者在白描的叙事风格与丰厚的叙事意义之间、在叙事进程的节奏和读者期待之间制造张力,影响了读者对人物、行动、主题、伦理、情感等的反应和阐释,刺激读者主动参与到简洁明快但富有暗示的文字游戏中,在隐喻的语境中积极构想作者的叙事意图。猎鹿之行实际上是男性亲密友情关系和权力关系的象征性经历,旨在揭示人性的残酷与存在的荒谬。

'Hunters in the Snow' by Tobias Wolff,the representative writer of 'Minimalism',is about three unique men going on a doomed hunting trip on a snowy field.Wolff uses hunting as the basis for the story,serving both as a perfect macho activity and a male bonding ritual.The main clue to the narrative progression lies in the regrouping of male bonding.Wolff's unique minimalist style becomes prominent by the depiction of characters' action and conversation in a realistic way instead of the description of characters' inner thought,which leaves large interpretive space to the readers,stimulating them to be involved in the narrative progression and to conceive the writer's narrative purposes in an active way.