中国棉花的进口依赖与棉花进口安全

A Study on China's Cotton Import Dependency and Import Security

中国不仅是棉花的生产与消费大国,同时也是棉花的进口大国。入世以后,中国棉花的进口迅速增加,自给率逐年降低,而且棉花进口呈现出波动剧烈、进口地理集中度较高的特点。对外部市场较高的依赖程度对中国棉花的进口安全产生了一定的影响。为了促进棉花产业和纺织业的健康发展,应该充分利用国内国外两个市场,满足国内棉花需求。但是棉花需求的满足不能过度依赖国际市场,应规范棉花进口,进一步发展多元化进口市场,弱化国内企业对进口棉花及少数国家的过度依赖。

China has great power in cotton production,consumption and import.Since joining WTO,China has experienced rapid growth of cotton import.Along with the annual decrease of self-sufficiency of cotton,the import market structure of Chinese cotton is highly concentrated.As a strategic material,cotton＇s over-reliance on imports may lead to unexpected trade risk,which may threaten cotton industry security.In order to satisfy domestic demands and promote sound development of cotton and textile industry,both domestic and foreign markets should be relied on.Meanwhile,import regulation and control should be improved,the diversification of import market should be promoted,and over dependence on main foreign market should be reduced.