2型糖尿病各并发症及影响因素的临床分析

Clinical analysis on risk factors and complications in patients with type 2 diabetes

目的探讨2型糖尿病各并发症间的相互关系及影响因素,以期为2型糖尿病病人并发症的早期诊治和预防提供依据。方法收集330例临床被诊断为2型糖尿病的病人信息及其血标本。对这330例病人的年龄、性别、体重指数及各项临床、生化指标进行统计学分析,观察出各并发症之间及并发症与其常规指标有无相关性。结果 330例2型糖尿病各并发症与性别、体重指数及血糖无关,年龄与个并发症密切相关,并且在所统计的5种并发症中,患病率都随年龄的增高而增加,且各年龄组的患病率差异存在统计学意义。60岁以上组的各并发症中,高血压为最高(47.5%),其次是周围血管病变(43.33%),第三是周围神经病变(40.83%)。脂代谢异常是周围血管病变风险因子。高血压与糖尿病肾病、周围神经病变、周围血管病变及眼病相关联。患周围血管病变的人群中高发周围神经病变(50.94%)。结论高龄是2型糖尿病并发症的风险因子。2型糖尿病高血压患者更易进一步导致其它糖尿病并发症,而患周围血管病变的人群中更易伴发周围神经病变。

Objective Provide the basis for early diagnosis,treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes patients with complications.Methods The clinical data of 330 cases diagnosed as type 2 diabetes mellitus including clinical information and findings of blood specimens were collected for this study.Age,gender,body mass index（BMI）,some clinical and biochemical indicators of 330 patients were analyzed for deduction of relationship between complications and risk factors.Results The occurrence of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes had no association with gender,body mass index and blood level of glucose,but they had close association with age.Prevalence rates were increased with the increase of age in these five complications.In age group of over 60 years,hypertension was the highest（47.5%） in various complications,the second was peripheral vascular disease（43.33%） and the third one was peripheral neuropathy（40.83%）.Abnormal lipid metabolism was the risk factor of peripheral vascular disease.Hypertension was usually associated with diabetic nephropathy,neuropathy,peripheral vascular lesions and ocular diseases.These patients with complication of peripheral vascular disease were more vulnerable to have peripheral neuropathy（50.94%）.Conclusion Old age is a risk factor of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes.Patients with type 2 diabetes complicated with hypertension are more likely to lead other complications of diabetes,and the occurrence of peripheral vascular disease is more easily associated with peripheral neuropathy.