儿童皮肤肥大细胞瘤的临床病理分析

The clinicopathological analysis of cutaneous mastocytoma in children

目的探讨儿童皮肤肥大细胞瘤的临床病理特征。方法对5例皮肤肥大细胞瘤进行临床病理观察和免疫组化检测。结果患者年龄3个月-8岁,3例出生时即有病变,1例在出生后半年内,另一例在7岁时发现病变,均无明显症状,免疫组化示CD43、CD117、LCA、VIM阳性,甲苯胺蓝染色见胞浆内有紫红色颗粒。结论皮肤肥大细胞瘤好发于儿童,大多数在出生时即有或6个月内发病,临床医生易诊断为脉管瘤。组织病理学上关键在于认识肥大细胞,结合免疫组化和甲苯胺蓝染色,并通过询问病史可以确诊。儿童皮肤肥大细胞瘤预后良好,在青春期会自动消退。

Objective To study the clinicopathological features of cutaneous mastocytoma in children.Methods Five cases of cutaneous mastocytoma were studied clinicopathologic observation and immunohistochemical staining.Results the age of the 5 patients were from 3 months to 8 years when diagnosed as cutaneous mastocytoma.Three patients showed the lesions at birth;one within the first 6 months of her life,and the last at 7 years showed the lesions at birth.All the 5 cases expressed CD43,CD117,LCA＇ and VIM,and showed purple metachromatic granules in cytoplasm by toluidine blue staining.Conclusion Cutaneous mastocytoma occurs predominantly in childhood and most often at birth or in the first 6 months of age.Clinicians are prone to diagnose it as hemangioma.For pathologists,the key point is recognizing mast cells.The diagnosis of cutaneous mastocytoma can be established by pathological features,immunohistochemical and toluidine blue staining,combined with clinical features.The prognosis of cutaneous mastocytoma in children is good.Lesions disappear before or during puberty.