三颗针提取物和γ-氨基丁酸对肉仔鸡生长性能及免疫性能的影响

Effects of Dietary Berberis Extract and Gamma Aminobutyric Acid on Growth Performance and Immune Function of Broilers

本文旨在研究饲粮中添加三颗针提取物和γ-氨基丁酸对肉仔鸡生长性能、养分表观消化率和免疫性能的影响。试验选用1日龄健康爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡240只,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复10羽。采用单因子试验设计,4组分别为在玉米-豆粕型饲粮中添加0.20%三颗针提取物、0.01%γ-氨基丁酸、0.20%三颗针提取物+0.01%γ-氨基丁酸的3个试验组及添加5mg/kg阿维拉霉素的对照组,试验期7周。试验鸡在7日龄采用饮水法首免新城疫,在21日龄二免。每次免疫后第7天和第14天测定血清中新城疫-血凝抑制(NDV-HI)抗体效价,试验第14、28、42天测定刀豆蛋白A(ConA)刺激指数(SI)。结果表明:1)各组肉仔鸡7周末体重、平均日增重和平均日采食量均无显著差异(P>0.05)。三颗针提取物组肉仔鸡料重比显著高于对照组(P<0.05),γ-氨基丁酸组与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05),联合组显著低于其他各组(P<0.05)。2)三颗针提取物组粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、钙、磷的表观消化率极显著低于对照组(P<0.01);γ-氨基丁酸组和联合组与对照组均差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)首免后第7天,各组肉仔鸡血清NDV-HI抗体效价无显著差异(P>0.05),第14天,γ-氨基丁酸组和联合组均显著高于三颗针提取物组和对照组(P<0.05);二免后第7天和第14天,联合组与γ-氨基丁酸组肉仔鸡血清NDV-HI的抗体效价极显著高于三颗针提取物组和对照组(P<0.01)。关于ConA刺激指数,试验第14天和第42天各组间均无显著差异(P>0.05),试验第28天时,联合组和γ-氨基丁酸组均显著高于三颗针提取物组和对照组(P<0.05)。由此可知,γ-氨基丁酸在不影响肉仔鸡生产性能和免疫性能的基础上可替代抗生素使用,且同时添加三颗针提取物和γ-氨基丁酸效果更好。

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary Berberis extract and gamma aminobutyric acid on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility and immune function of broilers.A total of 240 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were divided into four groups with six replicates in each group and 10 broilers in each replicate.A single factor design was adopted,and broilers were fed a corn-soybean meal based diet with 0.20% Berberis extract,0.01% gamma aminobutyric acid,0.20% Berberis extract＋0.01% gamma aminobutyric acid and 5 mg/kg avilamycin（control group）,respectively.The experiment lasted for 7 weeks.Broilers obtained Newcastle Disease vaccines（HDV） at 7 and 21 days by drinking water,respectively,and the antibody was measured on the 7th and 14th day after immunization,and stimulation index（SI） challenged with ConA was measured at 14,28 and 42 days.The results showed as follows： 1） there were no significant differences among all groups in the final weight,average daily gain and average daily feed intake of broilers（P0.05）.Feed/gain in the Berberis extract group was higher than that in the control group（P0.05）,but there was no significant difference between the gamma aminobutyric acid group and the control group（P0.05）,and the combined group was higher than the other groups（P0.05）.2） The apparent digestibility of crude protein,crude fat,calcium and phosphorus in the Berberis extract group were significantly lower than those in the control group（P0.01）,but there were no significant differences among the control group,combined group and gamma aminobutyric acid group（P0.05）.3） On the 7th day after the first immunization,there was no significant difference among all groups in serum HDV-HI of broilers（P0.05）,on the 14th day,the gamma aminobutyric acid group and the combined group were higher than the control group and Berberis extract group（P0.05）.On the 7th and 14th day after the second immunization,the serum HDV-HI of broilers in the combined group and gamma aminobutyric acid group was significantly higher than that in the control group and Berberis extract group（P0.01）.About SI challenged with ConA,there was no significant difference among all groups at 14 and 42 days（P0.05）,but at 28 days,the combined group and gamma aminobutyric acid group were significantly higher than the control group and Berberis extract group（P0.05）.In conclusion,gamma aminobutyric acid can be used as a substitute of antibiotic additives in the diet,and will not affect growth performance and immune function of broilers.Adding both Berberis extract and gamma aminobutyric acid in the diet will get the better effects.