能量均衡的无线传感器网络非均匀分簇路由协议

Energy-Balanced Unequal Clustering Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

提出了一种能量高效均衡、非均匀分簇和簇间多跳路由有机结合的无线传感器网络分布式分簇路由协议DEBUC(distributed energy-balanced unequal clustering routing protocol).该协议采用基于时间的簇头竞争算法,广播时间取决于候选簇头的剩余能量和其邻居节点的剩余能量.同时,通过控制不同位置候选簇头的竞争范围,使得距离基站较近的簇的几何尺寸较小.这样,网络中不同位置节点之间的簇内和簇间通信能耗得以互相补偿.DEBUC采用簇间多跳路由,根据节点剩余能量、簇内通信代价和簇间通信代价,每个簇头在邻居簇头集合中运用贪婪算法选择其中继节点.仿真实验结果表明,DEBUC能够有效地节约单个节点能量、均衡网络能耗、延长网络生存周期.

A distributed energy-balanced unequal clustering routing protocol（DEBUC） is proposed and evaluated in this paper,which adopts an unequal clustering mechanism in combination with an inter-cluster multihop routing.Through a time based competitive clustering algorithm,DEBUC partitions all nodes into clusters of unequal size,in which the clusters closer to the base station have smaller size.The cluster heads of these clusters can preserve some more energy for the inter-cluster relay traffic,and the ＂hot-spots＂ problem can be avoided.For inter-cluster communication,DEBUC adopts an energy-aware multihop routing system to reduce and balance the energy consumption of the cluster heads.Simulation results demonstrate that the protocol can efficiently decrease the dead speed of the nodes,balance the energy dissipation of all nodes,and prolong the network lifetime.