项目制:一种新的国家治理体制

Project System:A New System of State Governance

作为新双轨制的增量部分,项目制旨在通过国家财政的专项转移支付等项目手段,突破以单位制为代表的原有科层体制的束缚,遏制市场体制所造成的分化效应,加大民生工程和公共服务的有效投入。以项目制为核心确立的新的国家治理体制,形成了中央与地方政府之间的分级治理机制,并对基层社会产生了诸多意外后果。项目制所引起的基层集体债务、部门利益化以及体制的系统风险,对于可持续的社会发展将产生重要影响。

As an incremental part of the new dual system,the project system aims to break the shackles of the existing bureaucratic system as represented by the unit system through such ways as special transfer payment of state revenues,so as to mitigate the differentiation effects caused by the market system and to increase the investment in people's livelihood and public services.The new system of state governance established with the core of project system is conductive to the formation of a hierarchical central-local governance mechanism,and has brought about a number of unexpected outcomes to the grassroots society.The collective debt at the grassroots level,sectional interests and systemic risks concurrent with the project system will have important implications for the sustained development of the society.