地下室顶板开大洞对嵌固能力的影响

Influence of Large Openings on Fixed Ability of Floor Slabs in a Basement

针对建筑设计中普遍存在的、为满足某些功能要求而在地下室顶板开设若干较大洞口,从而对地下室顶板的嵌固能力造成一定削弱的情况,从地下室顶板开洞长度、位置等方面入手,通过算例分析,以周期、顶点位移及地震力传递等定量地评价各因素影响水平。详细讨论了楼板在结构中的作用、影响楼板性能的主要因素、影响地下室顶板嵌固能力的主要因素以及计算程序中的楼板单元特性。并以地下室顶板开大洞的实例工程,阐述了对于此类问题的处理措施及效果,明确设计思路,为相似工程提供参考。

In order to satisfy some special functions,large openings must be excavated in floor slabs of basements.These openings would weaken the fixed ability of floor slabs.Based on calculation examples,the functions of floor slabs in structrues are discussed starting from the facets of the opening＇s length and location on the floor.The factors of period,peak displacement,earthquake force transfer are precisely assessed.Characteristic of floor element in analysis program are introduced.Based on an engineering example of large openings in a basement floor,treatment,designing consideration and results are illustrated for the reference of similar projects.