259例北京市道路交通事故死亡分析

Analysis of 259 road traffic deaths in Beijing

目的了解北京市交通伤害死亡的流行病学特点,为有关部门制定预防和控制交通伤害措施提供科学依据。方法按照死者性别、年龄、职业、事故发生时间、道路行为方式、肇事车型、死亡原因等相关参数,对2004～2009年北京市急救中心收集的道路交通致死事故进行回顾性分析。结果共收集道路交通致死事故259例,死者男女性别比为2.45:1,21～50岁为高发人群(69.11%)。以23:00～1:00时段致死车祸发生频率最高(15.08%);7～8月和10～11月致死事故高发,分别为20.85%、23.17%;从一周分布上来看,星期三发生率最低(11.97%),最常发生于星期六(17.37%)、星期日(16.22%)。死者的职业前两位为工人(39.00%)、农民(15.83%);受伤部位以颅脑损伤为主(81.85%)。死者主要道路行为方式为步行(47.49%)、骑自行车(21.24%);肇事车辆多见于小型汽车(65.64%)。2005年后致死事故总体呈现下降趋势。结论需要加强对行人和驾驶人员的交通安全教育,提高交通安全意识。交管部门应严格执法,尤其应加强夜间及周末的执法力度,加强对电动自行车的管理,重视轨道交通安全设施建设。

Objective By investigating the characteristics of the death caused by traffic injury in Beijing,to provide information on making polices about traffic injury prevention for relevant departments.Methods According to different factors such as gender,age,occupation,timing,cause of death and the vehicle type etc.,the death cases recorded by Beijing Emergency Medical Center from 2004 to 2009 were analyzed.Results In all the 259 recorded cases,the proportion of male to female was 2.45 to 1.The death was mainly in people between 21 to 50 years old（69.11%）.The accidents mainly happened from 23 o＇clock to 1 o＇clock;the highest rate of lethal traffic injury was observed in Jul.,Aug.,Oct.and Nov..The accidents mainly occurred on weekend,but lowest on wednesday.Most death was observed in workers and faymers.The common injury was head injury（81.85%）.There were more injuries occurred on people who was walking in comparison to by bike.The roadlouse had higher accident rate than other vehicles.After 2005,severe traffic injury had a decreased trend.Conclusion It is necessary to provide more road safety education for pedestrians and drivers.The relevant department should strengthen supervisory control especially during night,put efforts on control and management of electric motor car,emphasize on the safety construction of track traffic.