中国戏曲之“破台戏”探析

On the "Stage-opening Play" in Chinese Opera

破台戏是我国传统戏曲班社因为"破台"需要而演出的戏。俗民认为新修建的戏台或长时间没使用的戏台煞气很重,或戏台曾出过人命事故等原因而由戏台所属地主动邀请戏班、或戏班为自身利益举行的一项仪式。破台戏的艺术形态较为复杂,有的是成熟的戏剧表演,有的则是带有一定情节的仪式过程的模拟表演。作为特殊的仪式剧,其文化功能主要是除煞祛邪,并保戏台所在地的民众及戏班艺人之平安吉祥。

The ＂stage-opening play＂ is performed to launch a stage by China＇s traditional theatrical companies.It is believed that the ceremony is held for newly-built stages or long-deserted stages or stages which used to be crime scenes,haunted by evil spirits,therefore,the owner of the stage invites a theatrical company to perform this ceremonial play.The artistic form of this play is intricate various.Some are mature theatrical performance,while ofhers are miming the ceremony with a plot.As a special form of ceremonial play,the cultural function is to drive off evils and pray for blessing for the local people and the members of the theatrical company.