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金黄色葡萄球菌医院感染的临床分布及耐药性分析 被引量:8

Clinical distribution and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus causing nosocomial infections
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摘要 目的了解金黄色葡萄球菌(SAU)医院感染的临床分布及耐药特性。方法回顾性调查2009年1月-2010年12月从各类临床标本中分离获得的168株SAU,统计其在各类标本和病区的分布特点,并用K-B法测定常用抗菌药物的敏感性。结果 SAU以痰、尿液和血液标本检出数最多,构成比分别达24.4%、21.4%和18.5%;科室分布以ICU、呼吸内科、肾内科和中医科最多,构成比分别达20.2%、16.1%、14.9%和14.3%;168株SAU中有117株为MRSA,占69.6%,SAU的耐药性普遍较高,除对万古霉素、替考拉宁、利奈唑胺全部敏感外,对青霉素类、氨基糖苷类、喹诺酮类和磺胺类药物的耐药率均>60.0%。结论 SAU的耐药率呈上升趋势,且MRSA检出率日趋严重,已对临床抗菌药物的选择构成极大的困难,必须加强对高危病区和高危人群的监测,做好预防和消毒隔离,防止SAU,特别是MRSA的流行播散。 OBJECTIVE To study the clinical distribution of Staphylococcus aureus(SAU) causing nosocomial infections and drug resistance.METHODS We retrospectively investigated 168 strains of SAU isolated from clinical specimen and analyzed the distribution in various specimens and wards,the drug susceptibility testing of common antibiotics by K-B method.RESULTS Sputum,urine,and blood were the top three specimen sources from which most of SAU were isolated,the constituent ratios were 24.4%,21.4% and 18.5%,respectively;those isolates were mainly isolated from ICU,respiratory medicine department,nephrology department and traditional Chinese medicine department,the constituent ratios were 20.2%,16.1%,14.9%,and 14.3%,respectively.Of 168 strains of SAU isolated,there were 117 strains of MRSA,accounting for 69.6%,the result of drug susceptibility testing showed that the drug resistance rates of SAU to penicilins,aminoglycoside,quinolones,and sulfanilamide were higher than 60.0% except that those isolates were susceptible to vancomycin,teicoplanin,and linezolid.CONCLUSION The resistance rate of SAU keeps an increasing upward tendency,and the detection rate of MRSA is increasing seriously,which poses great difficulties for the selection of antibiotics,it is necessary to intensify the surveillance for high-risk wards and populations and make good prevention and isolation so as to prevent the prevalence and spread of SAU,MRSA in particular.
作者 赵瑛
出处 《中华医院感染学杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2012年第10期2186-2188,共3页 Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词 金黄色葡萄球菌 医院感染 临床分布 耐药性 Staphylococcus aureus Hospital infection Clinical distribution Drug resistance
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