未来先进核裂变能——ADS嬗变系统

Advanced Fission Energy Program-ADS Transmutation System

加速器驱动次临界系统(ADS,Accelerator Driven Sub-critical System),以加速器产生的高能强流质子束轰击靶核(如铅等)产生散裂中子作为外源中子驱动和维持次临界堆运行,具有固有安全性。ADS系统的中子能谱硬、通量大、能量分布宽,嬗变长寿命核素能力强,既可大幅降低核废料的放射性危害,实现核废料的最少化处置,同时还有能量输出,可以提高核资源的利用率,被国际公认为核废料处理的最有效手段。中科院于2011年启动了"未来先进核裂变能"战略性先导科技专项,其中ADS嬗变系统作为其两大部署内容之一,将致力于自主发展ADS系统从试验装置到示范装置的全部核心技术和系统集成技术,为保障国家能源供给和核裂变能长期可持续发展做出贡献。

ADS （Accelerator Driven Sub-critical System） takes the spallation neutrons as the external neutron source to drive the sub-critical blanket system, has the inherent safety. With the performances of hard and wide neutron spectra, large flux, powerful transmutation ability for long-lived radiation nucleus, ADS can not only significantly reduce the radiation lifetime, level and volume, but also output extra energy so as to improve the utilization of fuel, has been universally regarded as the most promising approach to dispose the long-lived nuclear wastes. At 2011, Chinese Academy of Sciences （CAS） started the ＂Strategic Priority Research Program＂named ＂Future Advanced Nuclear Fission Energy＂. As one of the two parts of this program, ADS part will strive for the self-development of the series key technology from test facility to demonstrate facility, and make greater contributions to the national energy supply and sustainable development of nuclear fission energy.