基于关联主义的大规模网络开放课程(MOOC)及其学习支持

Connectivist MOOC and Its Learning Support

基于关联主义(Connectivism)学习理论的大规模网络开放课程(MOOC)具有不同于传统教学的特征和结构,它将学习者置身于真实的网络环境之中,让他们自发地交流、协作、建立连接、构建学习网络,即进行学习的自组织;同时,课程组织者设定学习主题、安排专家互动、推荐学习资源、促进分享和协作,承担大量幕后支持工作,即进行学习的他组织。高自主性和高退出率在关联主义MOOC中并存,作为他组织的学习支持应遵循学习的自组织规律,实现学习自组织与他组织之间的动态平衡。

With different features and structures from traditional teaching, connectivist MOOC puts learners into the authentic network environment, in which learners communicate, collaborate, connect and construct their learning networks spontaneously, namely the self-organization of learning; Meanwhile, the coordinators conduct lots of support and service, including setting topics, contact- ing experts who could interact with learners, recommending learning materials, facilitating sharing and collaboration, namely the het- er-organization of learning. There are both higher level autonomy and higher drop rate in connectivist MOOC. As the means of beretorganization, learning support should follow principles of the self-organization of learning, keeping the dynamic balance between selforganization and heter-organization of learning.