2004—2010年保定市15岁以下儿童乙型肝炎流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of Hepatitis B among Children under 15 years in Baoding City from 2004-2010

目的通过分析保定市2004—2010年乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)监测流行病学特征,了解乙肝发病的现状,为有效预防控制乙肝提供科学依据。方法利用乙肝监测数据,对保定市2004—2010年间15岁以下乙肝病例监测数据进行整理分析,采用描述流行病学方法,分析乙肝流行病学特征。结果 2004—2006年乙肝发病率呈上升趋势,2007年以后平稳下降,2007—2010年均发病率比2004—2006年均发病率下降了69.34%;大年龄组11～15岁发病率比小年龄组0～10岁发病率高296%;乙肝疫苗报告全程接种率、首针接种率和估算接种率均在90%以上。结论保定市2004—2006年乙肝发病率高于2007—2010年,而且大年龄组发病率高于小年龄组发病率,其主要原因是乙肝疫苗接种率低。提高乙肝疫苗接种率,尤其提高乙肝疫苗首针接种率是预防乙肝最有效的方法。

[ Objective] To understand the incidence of hepatitis B, through the analysis of epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B in Baoding City from 2004-2010, and provide scientific evidence for effective prevention and control of hepatitis B. [ Methods ] The hepatitis B monitoring data of patients under 15 years during 2004-2010 were collected and analyzed for its epide- miological characteristics with method of descriptive epidemiology. [ Results ] From 2004- 2006, hepatitis B incidence was in rising trend, but it decreased steadily since 2007. The average annual incidence of 2007-2010 decreased by 69.34% compared with it of 2004-2006. The incidence of 11-15 years age group was 296% higher than that of 0-10 years. The reported whole course vaccination rate, the initial immunization rate and estimated vaccination rate of hepatitis B were all above 90%. [ Conclusion ] The inci- dence of hepatitis B during 2004-2006 is higher than that during 2007-2010. And the incidence in large age group is higher than that in small age group which is mainly due to the low vaccination rate of hepatitis B. Improving the hepatitis B vaccination rate, especially the initial immunization rate, is the most effective way for hepatitis B control.