牧区绵羊精准管理技术体系建立与草畜平衡研究

Establishing Precision Management Techniques for Sheep and Feed Balance Research in Pastoral Areas

选择肃南裕固族自治县3户典型牧户(分别代表低、中、高管理水平)进行甘肃高山细毛羊生产性能测定,结合经济效益数据,应用精准管理模型计算分析并对其中的低管理水平和高管理水平典型牧户实施精准管理技术,将经济效益不良绵羊的个体淘汰,存栏量分别下降了7%和26%,而未实施精准管理技术的中等管理水平典型牧户,存栏量上升了18%。结果表明:优化后低管理水平和高管理水平典型牧户的平均产毛量及总产毛量均有所提高,而中等管理水平的典型牧户虽然总产毛量提高,但平均每只产毛量下降了0.55kg。低管理水平和高管理水平典型牧户存栏母羊的体重较优化前均有提高,收入分别提高了11.39%和4.2%,而中等管理水平的典型牧户成年母羊体重下降,后备母羊体重增加不显著,同时收入降低了7.4%。因此,精准管理技术可有效的应用于指导实践。

Three typical households were selected in the pastoral area of Sunan county,Gansu province to determine production performance of Gansu fine-wool sheep.Precision management model with economic data was used to analyze the management level of farmers.Stocking rates decreased by 7% with low management level and 26% with high management level due to eliminating sheep of poor quality.In contrast,the stocking rate increased by 18% without using this management model.Results showed that the average wool yield and total wool production volume for farmers with low and high management level increased,whereas the average wool yield decreased by 0.55 kg for those typical farmers with middle management level but with better total wool production.The income increased by 11.39% and 4.2% for farmers with low and high management level with improved ewe weight,whereas income decreased by 7.4% and ewe weight decreased.Reserve ewe weight did not have a significant increase for those farmers with middle management level.