适用于机载三维遥感的动态GPS定位技术及其数据处理

Kinematic GPS Positioning Technique and Data Processing Used in Airborne 3D Remote Sensing System

机载三维遥感采用动态ＧＰＳ定位技术提供遥感器的空中精确位置，能快速高效获得遥感地学编码图像和ＤＥＭ，该文对中国自行研制、具有独创性的机载三维遥感影像制图系统中的动态ＧＰＳ定位技术特点和要求进行了分析。

s: Airborne laser image and mapping system (ALIMS) which integrates kinematic GPS positioning system, laser range finder, attitude measurement unit and optical mechanical scanner into a rigid platform can generate DEM (digital elevation model) and geo referenced image rapidly and efficiently. We regard ALIMS as a 3D remote sensing system, because it can directly obtain 3D position together with spectral information. Kinematic GPS is a key sensor that is able to give the precise 3D position of the platform. In this paper we present the kinematic GPS technology and data processing techniques. First, we analyses the GPS technical requirement which can suit for ALIMS. For example, why do we need high differential GPS positioning technique, how to synchronize GPS data with remote sensing data, and why collecting high rate GPS data is important. Then, we discuss the GPS data processing procedure, including differential GPS processing, solution of pulse's position, datum transformation, coordinate project and eccentric correction. In several airborne experiments we have applied kinematic GPS positioning technology and corresponded data processing, and the result is satisfactory.