基于综合蓄水能力法的森林水源涵养功能估算--以江西兴国县为例

Forest Conservation Estimation Based on the Integrated Storage Capacity Method——A Case Study of Xingguo County in Jiangxi

以江西兴国县第6次二类调查森林小班数据为基础(2003年),根据综合蓄水能力法,计算了兴国县森林涵养水源的功能,并比较分析了不同森林类型、海拔和坡位条件上森林涵养水源功能的差异,结果表明:1)2003兴国县森林生态系统面积22.65×104 hm2,年涵养水源量1.93×108m3,单位面积森林涵养水源量852.45m3.hm-2;2)不同森林类型涵养水源的功能不同,其中针叶林涵养水源贡献最大,而从单位面积涵养水源能力来看,阔叶林>混交林>针叶林>灌木林;3)不同海拔高度上森林水源涵养功能的贡献不同,其中海拔100～300、300～500和500～1 000m森林为涵养水源功能的主体,其中海拔300～500m森林的涵养水源能力最高;4)不同坡位上森林涵养水源的贡献也不同,其中全坡的森林最高,但是全坡森林单位面积涵养水源能力低。

Based on the data of CategoryⅡ of the sixth forest inventory in Xingguo（2003） ,we estimated the water conservation of the forest ecosystem by integrated storage capacity method. The characteristics of water conservation of different forest types in different locations were analyzed too. The results showed that a volume of 1.93 × 108 m3 water was conserved in the local forest ecosystem. The capacity of water conservation of forests differs among differetn forest types. Conifer forest had the most contribution to the conservation. However, comparing to the forest conservation per unit, broadleaf forest took the first, fol- lowed by mixed forest, conifer forest, the last was shrub forest. Water conservation of forests located in the region differs with altitude. Most contributions were from the forests located at the altitude of 100 to 300 m, 300 to 500 m,500 to 1 000 m which the strongert of water conservation capacity of forest in an alti- tude 300 to 500 m. Forests in different slope locations also demonstrated different levels of water conservation. Forests growing in a whole slope exhibited the most contributions to water conservation, however, the per unit of water conservation of these forests was much low.