攀西地区不同播种期·播种量和施肥量对大麦生长发育及产量的影响

Effects of Different Sowing Time,Sowing Quantity and Applying Fertilizer Amount on Growth and Development and Yield of Xidamai No.1(Hordeum agriocrithon) in Panxi Region

[目的]研究攀西地区不同播种期、播种量和施肥量对西昌学院新育成的西大麦1号(Hordeum agriocrithon)生长发育和产量的影响,为该地区大麦高产栽培提供指导,并为其进一步推广提供科学依据。[方法]试验设不同播种期和播种量试验及不同氮、磷肥施用量试验。[结果]在攀西地区,西大麦1号以10月25日左右播种,播种量150 kg/hm2,施纯N量108 kg/hm2,施P2O5量113 kg/hm2,施K2O量90 kg/hm2(N∶P2O5∶K2O为1.20∶1.26∶1.00)组合效果较好。播种密度越大越易感染白粉病和叶锈病,多施或偏施尿素会导致大麦抗病性和抗逆性下降,越易感染白粉病和叶锈病;肥料处理间氮肥的施用量增加,生育期延长,但磷肥施用量对生育期影响不明显。[结论]在攀西地区,西大麦1号的适宜播期为10月25日左右,适宜播种量为150 kg/hm2,适宜的N、P2O5、K2O施用量分别为108、113、90,N∶P2O5∶K2O为1.20∶1.26∶1.00。

[Objective] The purpose was to study the effects of different sowing time,sowing quantity and applying fertilizer amount on growth and development and yield of Xidamai No.1 recently bred by Xichang College in Panxi Region,and provide a guidance for barley＇s high yield cultivation a scientific basis for its further generalizing.[Method] Two tests,different sowing time and sowing quantity test and different N and P2O5 application amount test,were carried out.[Result] The best agronomy combination for planting Xidamai No.1 in Panxi Region was as follows： Sowing in October 25,sowing quantity 150 kg/hm2,pure N,P2O5 and K2O application amount 108,113 and 90 kg/hm2（N∶ P2O5∶ K2O for 1.20∶ 1.26∶ 1.00）.Higher sowing density meaned higher risk of being infected with white powder disease and leaf rust,and too much N fertilizer application or partial application also resulted in easily Xidamai No.1 infecting with white powder disease and leaf rust because of resistance to disease and stress decreasing.Increasing N fertilizer application amount could prolong Xidamai No.1＇s growth period,while P2O5 application amount had no significant influencing on it.[Conclusion] In Panxi Region,Xidamai No.1＇s suitable sowing time is October 25,suitable sowing quantity is 150 kg/hm2,and suitable N,P2O5 and K2O application amount is 108,113 and 90 kg/hm2（N∶ P2O5∶ K2O for 1.20∶ 1.26∶ 1.00）.