镍铁水为主原料的300系列不锈钢初炼工艺技术探讨

NEW TECHNOLOGY DISCUSS ON PRIMARY SMELTING OF 300 SERIES STAINLESS STEEL USING NICKELSILICON FERROALLOY

低品位氧化镍矿(俗称红土矿)和铬粉矿的合理利用是解决我国不锈钢产业镍、铬资源缺乏的重要出路之一。文章提出以镍硅铁合金熔体为主原料的300系列不锈钢短流程冶炼工艺技术思路,即用矿热炉将红土矿炼制成高硅低碳镍硅铁合金中间产品,采用电炉—摇包工艺使其与铬矿—石灰熔体发生脱硅增铬反应,生产出镍、铬不锈钢母液,继而与AOD、VOD工艺衔接,完成300系列不锈钢钢液的冶炼过程。

High efficient utilization of nickel laterite ore and chrome powder is an important mission to make up for shortage of nickel and chromium in our country. In this work, the new technology on the primary smelting of 300 series stainless steel was presented. As the half-finished products, the high silicon nickel-silicon ferroalloy is produced in the submerged arc furnace. The electro-silicon thermite metallurgic process is applied to the reaction between the nickel-silicon ferroalloy liquid and chrome-calcarea melts. The nickel-chromium ferroalloy liquid can be produced by the combine of refine electric arc furnace and shaking ladle, and then for the use of AOD, VOD, completing the refining process of stainless steel.