压电振动能量收集装置研究现状及发展趋势

Current situation and developing trend of piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters

随着无线技术及微机电技术的日益发展,以化学电池为主的供能方式的弊端日渐显露,压电振动能量收集装置以其结构简单、清洁环保及易于微型化等诸多优点而得到了极大重视。从振动能量收集常用的压电材料及其压电性入手,从压电振动能量收集装置的结构设计和能量收集电路设计两方面对其进行阐述。在结构设计方面,以压电振动能量收集结构的方向性和响应频带为主线,详细介绍国内外研究者在压电振动能量收集装置结构设计上的变化与创新;在能量收集电路设计方面,以能量收集效率的提高为主线,介绍了电路结构的优化改进。最后,总结了压电振动能量收集装置未来的研究趋势和方向,为从事压电振动能量收集研究的人员提供参考。

With the development of wireless technology and micro-electro-mechanical technology, the flaws of electrochemical batteries as power sources have gradually appeared. On the contrary, piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters receive more attention because of their advantages of simple structure, no pollution and easily microminiaturizing. Beginning with the piezoelectric materials and their piezoelectricity, the piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters were reviewed on the aspects of structure design and energy harvesting circuit design. Based on the directivity and response band of the piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters, the improvements on the structure design were introduced in detail. In view of the energy harvesting efficiency, the improvements of the energy harvesting circuit design were also introduced. The development perspective of the piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters was summarized. The study will be helpful for the researchers who are engaged in the studying on the piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting.