气候融资：全球形势及中国问题研究

Climate Finance:The Global Situation and China’s Problems

气候融资不仅是国际气候谈判的筹码,也是全球应对气候变化的融资需要和各国促进绿色经济发展的要求。在当前欧美经济尚难以从低谷中恢复的背景下,对气候资金机制的国际谈判和国内创新也提出了更高的要求。中国作为最大的发展中国家和最大的碳排放国,满足不断增长应对气候变化和绿色增长的资金需求已是当务之急。中国是国际气候资金筹集和运用得最好的发展中国家之一,但仍需认清当前全球气候融资来源存在较大不确定性,且资金流向不平衡,国际气候融资的形式和实质间存在较大差距。同时,我们对气候资金的管理、筹措及运用仍存在诸多问题。因此,从管理上,应完善与规划本国气候融资的整体框架,明确气候融资的管理部门,出台系列气候融资政策。在资金筹措和运用上,应保持吸引国际气候资金的优势,并发挥财政性工具和金融性工具的作用,大力吸引国内气候资金,引导资金在减缓和适应气候变化两个领域平衡投入。

As a negotiating leverage in the international climate negotiation, climate finance is also the demand to meet the financial requirement to deal with the problem of global climate change and promote green economy. In the context of western countries＇recession, higher requirement for international negotiation and domestic innovations about climate funding mechanisms are put forward. As the biggest developing country and the world＇s biggest emitter, China is of great urgency to meet the rising funding requirement for addressing climate change and promoting green growth. Although China is one of the countries which do the best in raising and using climate funds, we should notice the problems such as the uncertainties in global climate finance resources and the imbalanced capital flow. In addition, there is still a considerable gap between the form and substance the two aspects of international climate finance. In the meantime, a few problems remain in fund management, fund raising and utilization. Hence, on the respect of management, we should establish and improve the main frame of domestic climate finance, clarify the departments and the definite relationship between and among them, and introduce a series of climate finance policies. Regarding capital raising and utilization, we should keep the advantage in attracting international climate funds, make good use of tile fiscal and financial instruments together, leverage domestic climate funds energetically, and guide reasonable and balanced circulation of capital into mitigation and adaptation activities.