磁稳流化床研究与应用进展

Research and application progress of magnetically stabilized fluidized bed

磁稳流化床(MSFB)作为一种新型反应器,兼具固定床和流化床的众多优点,具有巨大的应用前景。本文综述了MSFB近年来在基础研究和应用上取得的进展。基础研究方面主要介绍了磁场强度和液相流速对床层结构的影响,以及床层空隙率、操作稳定性和传递特性等研究情况;应用方面介绍了MSFB在生物化工、能源和环境工程等领域的应用。最后分析了MSFB目前存在的不足,如对于一定的反应体系未找到相应合适的磁性催化剂、操作温度高于磁性载体的居里温度时,MSFB将无法操作、磁场发生装置释放出大量的热量对磁性载体和反应过程产生影响、难以确定稳定操作区域。并指出其今后的主要研究方向为磁性载体催化剂的研究与开发及对MSFB的稳定性判据、传热、传质、强化反应过程机理、反应器放大规律、工业化应用装置设计等方面的研究。

Magnetically stabilized fluidized bed（MSFB） is a new type of reactor,which combines the advantages of both fixed bed and traditional fluidized bed,and has a great application prospect.In this paper,the progress of basic research and application of MSFB is reviewed.The basic research includes effects of fluid flow rate and magnetic field intensity on fluidization behavior of the magnetic particles in the column,bed voidage,operation stability and transfer characteristics.The application fields include biochemical engineering,energy and environmental engineering.Finally,the existing drawbacks of MSFB are presented.It remains difficult to find the relevant magnetic catalyst in a specific reaction system.MSFB can not be operated at a temperature higher than the Curie temperature of magnetic carrier.The heat generated by the magnetic field generator has an effect on the magnetic carrier and the reaction process and it is difficult to determine the stable operating zone of MSFB.The main research directions of MSFB in the future are proposed,including research and development of magnetic catalyst,stability criterion,mechanism of heat transfer and mass transfer,mechanism of strengthening reaction process,scale-up of reactor and design of industrial reactor.