橡胶树3种割胶制度的产排胶特性变化比较

Physiological Characters of Latex from Hevea brasiliensis under Three Tapping Systems

30株成龄未割胶树(热研7-33-97)被分成3组,分别用S/2 d1、S/2 d3、S/2 d5割制割胶,分析第1至第10割次干胶产量、胶乳生理特性的变化。结果表明,第1至第6割次,3种割制的干胶产量递增,相同割次干胶产量差异不显著。第7至第10割次,S/2 d1和S/2 d3割制干胶产量小幅波动并趋于稳定,S/2 d5割制干胶产量递增。第1至第7割次,C-乳清转化酶活性递增,然后趋于稳定。第1至第10割次,胶乳总固形物含量递减,无机磷含量和硫醇含量递增。蔗糖含量在第1至第6割次递减,然后递增。当总固形物含量>40%时,总固形物含量与干胶产量极显著负相关;当总固形物含量<40%时,两者不相关。第1至第10割次总固形含量、无机磷含量、硫醇含量的变化均有利于C-乳清转化酶提高活性。

Thirty mature virgin rubber trees （Reyan 7-33-97）, divided into 3 groups, were exploited respectively with S/2 dl, S/2 d3 and S/2 d5 tapping systems. Rubber yields and latex physiological characters were analyzed in the first 10 tapping. Results showed that in 1 to 6 tapping, rubber yields increased successively. In the same tapping, the differences of rubber yield between three tapping systems did not reach significant level. In 7 to 10 tapping, rubber yields of S/2 dl and S/2 d3 tapping system varied slightly but came to stabilization, while those of S/2 d5 tapping system kept increasing. Invertase activity in latex C-cerium increased in 1 to 7 tapping and then came to stabilization. In 1 to 10 tapping, total solid contents decreased, nonorganic phosphorus contents and thiol group contents increased. Sucrose contents decreased in 1 to 6 tapping and then increased. Total solid content was significantly negatively correlated to rubber yield when higher than 40%, but not correlated to rubber yield when lower than 40%. The trends of total solid content, non-organic phosphorus content and thiol group content in 1 to 10 tapping were favorable to the catalytic reaction of invertase.