摘要
本文对"象耕鸟耘"的传说作了考证。进而对中国农业的起源及早期发展提出了一些见解。结果表明:(1)"象耕乌耘"的传说是由"象田"和"乌田"发展而来的,而"象田"、"乌田"乃动物践踏觅食之后为人所直接用于种植的农田;(2)这种农田为原始农业提供了现成的土地,对此的利用构成了不同于山地刀耕火种的沼泽和三角洲低地的原始农业形态;(3)这种农业形态给稻作农业产生了很大影响,牛踏田及其与耜耕的结合,犁耕的出现可认为导源于象田、鸟田等。
The legend 'Xiang-Geng Niao-Yun' (elephant-ploughing and bird-weeding) is discussed in this paper. The following are the main points: (1) The legend originally came from 'Xiang Tian (elephant field) and 'Niao Tian' (bird field) respectively, the so-called 'Xiang Tian' or 'Niao Tian' actually were the muddy places that were formed after eating and tramping by animals, and were used for sowing crop seeds directly; (2) 'Xiang Tian' and 'Niao Tian' contributed ready-made field for primary cultivation, which was apparently, different from the 'slash and burn' cultivation in mountainous area and was a kind of primary agriculture occurred in the lowland with delta and muddy places, i.e., another kind of agricultural origin in China that has long been neglected in historical research; (3) 'Xiang Tian' and Niao Tiau' had a good deal of effect on the development of agriculture, while the early buffaloes-tramping and the combination of tramping with the hoe culture may be regarded as a mimicry of 'Xiang Tian' and 'Niao Tian'
出处
《自然科学史研究》
CSCD
1990年第1期67-77,共11页
Studies in The History of Natural Sciences