大肠癌晚期患者临终情感分析及支持策略

Dying emotional analysis and emotional support strategy for advanced colorectal cancer patients

目的分析大肠癌晚期患者面临死亡时的情感体验,以及他们在治疗护理过程中的真实心理感受。方法用立意取样法,对15例大肠癌晚期患者运用半结构式深入访谈法收集资料,用Colaizzi法对收集的资料进行分析。结果临终前情感痛苦表现在以下3个方面:①疾病本身带来的痛苦感受:对治疗护理丧失信心;缺乏舒适的感受;对人造肛门带来的麻烦感到无助。②对死亡的感受:对死亡恐惧的感受;对死亡迫近的感受;心里落差的感受;心里负担的感受;被迫接受的感受。③情感支持的需求:情感支持的感受;寻找一种解脱方式。结论应重视大肠癌晚期患者的主观感受,用爱心去倾听,以共情去感受,为其提供有效的情感支持,帮助其提高舒适度。

Objective To analyze the emotional experience of advanced colorectal cancer patients facing death and their real psychological feelings in the process of treatment and care. Methods By purposive sampling method,15 patients with advanced colorectal cancer were interviewed using in-depth semi-structure interview. The data were analyzed by the Colaizzi method. Results The dying patients＇ emotional distress manifested in the following three aspects： （1）The feelings of pain caused by the disease itself including loss of confidence in treatment and care; lack of comfortable feeling; feeling helpless for colostomy care cumbersome. （2）Feelings of attitudes toward death including fear of death; death imminent feelings; feelings of psychological gap; feelings of psychological burden; forced to accept the feelings. （3）Emotional support needs including feelings of emotional support; searching for a relief method. Conclusion Nurses should pay attention to the patient＇s subjective feelings,to listen with love,and to feel with empathy. Dying patients need hospice care and emotional support to improve their comfort.