变革型领导对组织创造力和创新影响研究述评

The Effects of Transformational Leadership on Organizational Creativity and Innovation:Literature Review and Future Directions

组织创造力和创新对一个组织乃至整个社会的重要性毋庸置疑,而变革型领导是影响组织创造力和创新的重要因素。本文在阐明变革型领导、组织创造力和创新的概念与维度的基础上,对研究变革型领导与组织创造力和创新关系的文献进行回顾,简述变革型领导对组织创造力和创新的直接作用和间接影响,对主要的中介变量和调节变量予以分类汇总,并分析这些变量产生作用的机理,最后得出研究结论并提出未来研究方向。尽管现有文献的研究结果不甚一致,但是大多数研究结果揭示:变革型领导与组织创造力和组织创新之间既有直接关系又有间接联系,在个体、团队、组织三个层面以及组织外部环境中的诸多变量可以起到中介或调节作用。

It is well accepted that organizational creativity and in- novation are essential for an organization and even for the whole society. Transformational leadership exerts great impact on organi- zational creativity and innovation. Although the conclusions drawn from different studies are somewhat inconsistent, most scholars found a positive relationship between transformational leadership and organizational creativity and innovation. In recent years more and more researchers pay attention to the mechanisms by which transformational leadership exerts such kind of positive effect. It＇s imperative to sort out various findings and make the conclusions clear and well-organized. The purpose of this paper is to review relevant literature so that future researchers can have the initiative in their hands when they do more research on this subject. Based on the definitions and dimensions of relevant concepts, this paper attempts to provide an overview of extant literature on the effects of transformational leadership on organizational creativity and in- novation. Transformational leadership can influence organizational creativity and innovation both directly and indirectly. The bulk of this paper is about the indirect effects of transformational leader- ship. It sorts out pivotal mediators and moderators, and sheds light on the principles on which these mediators and moderators work. As for each mediator and moderator, this paper firstly illustrates the definitions and dimensions so that non-experts in this field could also apprehend the overall meanings of the variables. Then the pa- per expounds on how these variables take effects. The mediators and moderators are from different levels including individual level, team level and organizational level. Some contextual variables are also included. Based on extant studies, this paper draws some con- clusions on the existing literature. It delineates the characteristics of relevant findings, points out the strengths and weaknesses of the lit- erature cited by this paper and objectively appraises the value of the existing work. Finally, drawing on some relevant theories and based on the review process and conclusions, this paper brings forward future research directions.