红参多糖的提取及其对STZ糖尿病小鼠血糖血脂的作用

Red ginseng polysaccharide extraction and its effects on serum glucose and serum lipid of STZ diabetic mice

以去除人参皂苷的红参药渣为原料,采用水提醇沉法提取红参多糖,提高红参活性成分的利用率。通过正交试验,考察了提取温度、提取时间和溶剂倍数对红参多糖提取率的影响,确定最佳提取工艺为:提取温度为100℃,提取时间为4h,溶剂添加量为10倍。采用Sevage法对红参多糖进行脱蛋白的纯化试验,蛋白脱除率为88.82%。在此工艺条件下红参多糖的得率为19.23%,纯度为94.35%,蛋白含量为1.604%。对红参多糖的红外光谱进行了分析。为了研究红参多糖对STZ糖尿病小鼠的降血糖、降血脂作用,以STZ诱导的糖尿病小鼠为试验动物模型,将红参多糖分为高、中、低3个剂量组,测定小鼠的血糖值和血脂4项。结果表明,RGP各剂量组与模型对照组相比,能极显著(P<0.01)地降低STZ糖尿病小鼠血糖、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)水平,提高高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)水平。

The red ginseng without saponins was used as the raw material to extract polysaccharide by water extraction and alcohol precipitation method, which would enhance the utilization of active ingredients of red ginseng. The effects of extraction time, extraction temperature and solvent volume on red ginseng polysaccharide （RGP） were investigated though the orthogonal test. The optimum extraction parameters of RGP were obtained. The protein of RGP was eliminated with sevage method, and the removal rate was 88.82%. The yield, purity and protein of RGP were 19.23%, 94.35%, and 1.604%, respectively, when twice-reflux extraction with 10 fold volume water at 100 ~C every 4 hours was carried out. The infrared spectrum of the RGP was also analyzed. In order to study the effect of red ginseng polysaccharide on anti-diabetics of STZ diabetic mice, the STZ mice grouped by feeding the red ginseng polysaccharides with low, medium and high levels were used as diabetic experimental models. The levelsof serum glucose, total cholesterol （TC）, triglycerides （TG）, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） were assayed. Results showed that, compared with the model control group, RGP could not only significantly reduce the levels of serum glucose and the contents of TC, TG and LDL-C, but also markedly increase the content of HDL-C.