糖尿病视网膜病变的相关因素分析

Analysis of relevant factors in patients with diabetic retinopathy

目的探讨糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）的相关因素。方法选择2型糖尿病患者400例，分析影响2型糖尿病患者DR发生的相关因素。结果2型糖尿病患者DR的发病率为49．0％，在2型糖尿病中，糖尿病病程〉15年DR发病率为84．7％，高于病程〈5年的30．0％（P〈0．05），血糖控制良好组DR发病率为38．1％，低于血糖控制不佳组的68．5％（P〈0．05），而血压正常和控制良好组的发病率分别为44．1％和41．2％，均明显低于血压控制不佳组的80．0％（均P〈0．05）。结论糖尿病病程、血糖控制水平、血压情况、运动及规律作息是糖尿病视网膜病变的相关因素。对DR治疗和预防重中之重仍是控制血糖水平。

Objective To explore the relevant factors of diabetic retinopathy （DR）. Methods 400 patients with type 2 diabetes were selected, and the relevant factors with DR of type 2 diabetes were analyzed. Results The incidence of DR in type 2 diabetes was 49.0%. In type 2 diabetes when diabetes duration 〉 15 years, the incidence of DR was 84.7% , duration 〈 5-year incidence rate was 30.0% respectively, there were significant differences （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Incidence rate in lower blood glucose group and poor glycemic control group were 38.1% and 68.5% respec- tively ,and there was statistically difference（ P 〈 0.05 ） ,and in normal blood pressure and well control group,the inci- dence rates were 44.1% and 41.2% , which were significantly better than 80.0% of poorly controlled hypertension group. Conclusion Duration of diabetes, glycemic control level, blood pressure, exercise, and regular schedule were related factors of DR. The most important thing of DR treatment and prevention was to control blood glucose.