慢性膝关节前交叉韧带损伤患者步态的运动学分析

Gait Kinematics of Patients with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury

目的:探讨慢性膝关节前交叉韧带(ACL)损伤患者下肢关节运动学变化特点。方法:30名慢性ACL损伤患者为损伤组,30名健康人为对照组,利用三维运动分析系统对实验对象进行步态分析,比较两组的时间距离指标;比较两组在预承重期髋、膝关节最大屈曲角度和踝关节最大跖屈角度,以及膝关节最大外旋角度。结果:同对照组比较,损伤组步频、步速显著减小,步态周期时间显著增加(P<0.05)。在预承重期,损伤组最大屈髋角度同对照组相比无明显差异,最大屈膝角度显著小于对照组(P<0.05),最大跖屈角度显著小于对照组(P<0.05),最大胫骨外旋角度显著大于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:慢性ACL损伤患者行走时步态出现膝关节屈曲、踝关节跖屈角度的改变,同时,膝关节旋转角度也发生改变。

To investigate the change in kinematics of lower extremity joint as the result ot anterior cruciate ligament （ACL） injury during walking. Methods There were two groups subjects in this study：30 patients with ACL injury and 30 matched controls. Three-dimensional motion analysis was used to examine kinematic data of the lower limb during self-controlled walking. The parameters of time-distance, and the lower limb kinematics in loading contact phase during walking were determined. Results The step frequency and speed significantly decreased and the gait cycle duration significantly increased in patients with ACL injury as compared with the controls（P 〈 0.05）. No significant difference in maximal hip flexion angle in loading contact phase was found between the two groups. The maximum knee flexion angle and maximum plantar flexion angle significantly decreased respectively）, and maximal tibial external rotation angle significantly increased jury（P 〈 0.05） as compared with the controls during the 1 （P 〈 0.05 and P 〈 0.05, in patients with ACL in-oading contact phrase. Conclusion of knee flexion and ankle plantar flexion,and angle of tibial rotation changed significantly in patients with ACL injury during walking.