分质预处理强化制药废水处理效果的研究

Effect of Quality-based Pretreatment on Enhanced Treatment of Pharmaceutical Wastewater

采用活性污泥法/水解酸化/MBR工艺处理制药废水,分析了铁炭微电解强化预处理水量权重小、有机污染物含量高、生物毒性强的工段废水后,组合工艺对混合废水的处理效果。结果表明:制药废水具有较强的生物毒性,可通过好氧处理方法进行削减,两级好氧工艺可有效去除具有生物毒性废水中的氨氮;铁炭微电解可大幅降低有机污染物浓度并削减生物毒性,提高后续生物处理工艺对COD、NH4+-N的去除效果,试验原水的COD、NH4+-N、总氮分别为(6 000～8 000)、(50～100)、(100～200)mg/L,经铁炭微电解强化预处理工段废水后,组合工艺出水COD、NH4+-N、总氮分别降至500、5、60 mg/L以下,达到排入污水处理厂的要求。

The combined process of activated sludge, hydrolysis acidification and MBR was used to treat pharmaceutical wastewater. The efficiency of the combined process in treatment of the mixed wastewater was analyzed after enhanced pretreatment of wastewater with low water content, high organic compounds content and high biological toxicity by iron-carbon micro-electrolysis. The results showed that the high biological toxicity of the pharmaceutical wastewater could be reduced by aerobic treatment meth- ods, and two-stage aerobic treatment process could effectively remove the ammonia nitrogen from the wastewater with biological toxicity. Using enhanced pretreatment with iron-carbon micro-electrolysis, the organic concentration and biological toxicity of the pharmaceutical wastewater were reduced significantly, and the removal effects of COD and NH4 - N in the subsequent biological treatment process were also im- proved. After the enhanced pretreatment with iron-carbon micro-electrolysis, the concentrations of COD, NH4 - N, and TN were reduced from 6 000 - 8 000 rag/L, 50 - 100 mg/L and 100 - 200 mg/L in the influent to below 500 rag/L, 5 mg/L and 60 mg/L respectively in the effluent of the combined process, which met the requirement for flowing into sewage treatment plants.