呼吸道合胞病毒合胞体形成机制的研究进展

Progress in research on mechanism of syncytium formation of respiratory syncytial virus

呼吸道合胞病毒(Respiratory syncytial virus,RSV)属于副黏病毒科肺炎病毒亚科病毒,是一种引起人严重呼吸道疾病的病原体,主要感染婴幼儿、老年人及免疫缺陷的成年人。病毒合胞体的形成是RSV感染细胞导致细胞病变的最主要特征。有研究表明,RSV的受体黏合和促融合活力主要依赖2个不同的刺突结构,分别是吸附(G)糖蛋白和融合(F)糖蛋白,G糖蛋白的主要作用是促进RSV与靶细胞的吸附,而F糖蛋白的主要作用是促进病毒与细胞、细胞与细胞之间的融合。本文就近几年RSV合胞体形成机制的研究进展作一综述。

Respiratory syncytial virus（RSV） belongs to Pneumovirus in the family of Paramyxoviridae,which is an important pathogen that can cause severe and life-threatening respiratory infections in infants,the elderly,and immunocompromised adults.The major cytopathic effect of RSV infection is membrane fusion-induced syncytium formation.Research shows that the receptor-binding and fusion-promoting activities mainly rely on two different spike structures,i.e.attachment glycoprotein（G） promoting the attachment of RST to target cells and fusion glycoprotein（F） promoting the fusion between cells or virus and cells.This paper reviews the progress in research on mechanism of syncytium formation of respiratory syncytial virus in recent years.