日僧圆仁来华游记中的唐代节日习俗辨析

Textual Research on Festival Customs in Tang Dynasty Recorded by Ennin,a Japanese Monk

本僧圆所著《入唐求法巡礼行》载了他在中历九年所唐代会活,节习俗是其中一侧面。该书所载节有除夕、元旦、元宵节、立春、寒食节、清明节、三月三、五月节、中元节、立秋、至等。他还将中节与本节比较。他对新罗侨民八月十五节尤引意,并引起了中秋节源头之争。所节活都是者经历和亲,真实可信,细节丰富,是究唐代节民俗珍贵资料。

The Tang Dynasty＇s social activities, including festival customs, were recorded in Ennin＇s Diary： The Record of a Pilgrimage to China in Search of the Law by Ennin, a Japanese monk, according to his collections and experiences of 9 years living in China. The festivals recorded in the book are the Lunar New Year＇s Eve, the Lunar New Year＇s Day, the Lantern Festival, the Beginning of Spring, the Cold Food Day, the Pure Brightness Festival, the March 3 Day, the May 5 Day, the Hungry Ghost Festival, the Beginning of Autumn, the Winter Solstice, etc. Besides recording, Ennin compared Chinese festivals with Japanese festivals. In the book, the account of the August 15 Day of Sillan immigrants is well worthy of note and has aroused debates about the source of the Mid-Autumn Day. The accounts of festival activities in the book were authentic and credible with rich details as the authors＇ personal experiences and collections. These are precious materials about festival folklores of Tang Dynasty.