蓖麻产业发展:从种植到利用

Castor industry development:from cultivation to product exploitation

蓖麻作为世界十大油料作物之一,具有很高的开发利用价值。本文从产业发展的角度,综述了蓖麻种植的历史和高产栽培技术现状,分析了蓖麻利用特别是蓖麻基生物燃油及蓖麻深加工产品的研发现状及发展趋势。论述了蓖麻的耐盐性及蓖麻栽培对盐碱地的修复作用,并结合我国边际土地的情况,分析了我国种植蓖麻的潜力。据此提出我国蓖麻研究及产业发展的重点为:蓖麻适宜种植区调查与区划、种质资源调查与创新、低质非耕土壤蓖麻高产栽培技术研究、蓖麻基生物燃油制备工艺研究、蓖麻综合利用研究和蓖麻产业可持续发展及保障系统研究。

As one of the world＇s ten largest oil crops,castor has broad utilization prospects based on its high economic value.This paper analyzes the current situation of high-yielding castor cultivation technology,summarizes the comprehensive utilization of castor and describes the development of castor biodiesel fuel.Castor salt resistance and the remediation of saline-alkali soil by castor cultivationis are also discussed,as well as the potential of China＇s cultivation of castor.In this paper,recommendation for castor research and industrial development were also proposed,including the castor surrey and zoning in suitable planting area,the investigation and innovation of germplasm resources,high-yielding cultivation technology of castor in low quality and non-farming soil,preparation process of castor biodiesel fuel,comprehensive utilization research of castor,sustainable development and security system of castor industry.