使用宫内节育器女性生殖道感染临床特征及相关因素分析

Clinical analysis of reproductive tract infections among women with intrauterine devices

目的对使用宫内节育器的女性发生生殖道感染的相关因素进行分析,以降低生殖道感染率。方法对255例使用宫内节育器妇女的临床资料进行回顾性分析,主要包括患者的年龄、孕次、宫腔深度、宫内节育器的使用时间、是否发生异常子宫出血、节育器有无尾丝和节育环种类。结果生殖道感染的发生与孕次、宫内节育器的使用时间、是否发生异常子宫出血、节育器有无尾丝和节育环种类相关;感染率为40.4%;阴道炎、宫颈炎、盆腔炎患者感染分别占39.8%、42.7%、17.5%。结论尽量减少孕次、注意异常子宫出血、避免节育器携带尾丝和使用含铜节育器可有效减少宫内节育器使用者发生生殖道感染。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the related factors for reproductive tract infections among women with intrauterine devices（IUD） so as to reduce the incidence of reproductive tract infections.METHODS Totally 255 patients with intrauterine devices were chosen and studied to analyze the risk factors which might cause the reproductive tract infections.The main factors included the age,gravidity,the uterine cavity depth,the using time of IUD,abnormal uterine bleeding,the tailed IUD,and type of IUD.RESULTS The incidence of the reproductive tract infections was closely related to the gravidity,the using time of IUD,abnormal uterine bleeding,the tailed IUD,and IUD types.The infection rate was 40.4%.Of all the patients with infections,the patients with vaginitis accounted for 39.8%,the patients with cervicitis 42.7%,and the patients with pelvic inflammatory 17.5%.CONCLUSION It is an effective way to reduce the incidence of reproductive tract infections in the women with IUD by reducing the pregnancies,avoiding using the tailed IUD,noting the abnormal uterine bleeding,and using the IUD containing copper.