葫芦茶的急性毒性与致畸作用研究

Study on the Acute Toxicity and Teratogenicity of Gourd Tea

目的:探讨中药葫芦茶对小鼠的急性毒性及致畸作用,为临床使用葫芦茶提供参考。方法:急性毒性孕鼠随机分为5组,按3个剂量灌胃给予葫芦茶水煎液,并设阴性及阳性对照组,阳性组给予环磷酰胺0.002 g.g-1。妊娠18 d处死孕鼠,计数胚胎着床数、活胎数、死胎数和吸收胎数。观察胎仔外观、称量其体重后,将每窝1/2的活胎仔用试剂固定、软化、染色、透明后检查骨骼发育情况,另1/2活胎仔检查内脏发育情况。结果:葫芦茶的最大耐受量>240 g.kg-1,相当于人临床每天口服用量480倍。孕鼠体重与阴性组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),用药3个剂量组出现吸收胎、死胎数与阳性组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),用药组的胎鼠均无畸形。结论:葫芦茶毒性极小,对小鼠无胚胎毒性和致畸毒性。

Objective： To study the acute toxicity and teratogenicity of gourd tea in mice, in order to offer reference for safe clinical application. Methods： Acute toxicity. To Pregnant rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, gourd tea decoction is divided into 3 doses given orally, and there were negative and positive control group. Rats in the positive control group were given cyclophosphamide（0.02 g＇ 10g-Z）. Pregnant mice were killed at 18 th day of gestation, and the number of embryo implan- tation, live births, stillbirths and the number of absorbed embryos were counted. After the observation of fetal appearance and body weight, the litter 1/2 live fetuses fixed with reagents, softened, stained and hyalinized for the examination of the bone development. And the other 1/2 live fetuses were used to check the growth of the internal organs. Results： The oral MTD of gourd tea in mice was〉240 g＇kg-1d-1, equal to 480 times of human adult＇s clinical dose per day. The dosage of pregnant rat body weight gain and negative group had no significant （P〉0.05）; 3 dose groups appeared absorbed embryos, the number of stillbirths were less than positive group（P〈0,01）; Medication group of fetal skeletal examination in showed no abnormalities. Conclusion： The gourd tea has little toxicity, with no embryotoxicity and teratogenicity in mice.