流散往世书:印度移民的过去与现在——兼论印度流散小说创作

Diaspora Puranas: the Past and Future of the Indian Diaspora and Diaspora Fiction

历史上,印度共有四次大的移民潮:第一次是在17世纪以前;第二次产生于18世纪的西方殖民地时期;第三次发生在第二次世界大战之后;第四次是从20世纪60年代末开始。四次大的移民潮,导致印度有两亿多人口分布在六大洲100个国家。印度流散小说艺术地反映了印度移民的历史变迁和生活境遇,对全球化进程中文化的杂交同化、兼容并包进行了形象的艺术展现,在国际文坛具有不可忽视的影响和地位,成为世界文学史上备受关注的文化现象。

Historically, India has four major waves of migration ： the first time in the 17th century ; the second, in the 18th-century of Western colonialism; the third, in the aftermath of the Second World War; the fourth, since the 1960s. These waves of migrations led to the Diaspora of some 200 million Indians across one hundred countries on six continents. Indian Diaspora fiction reflects artistically the historical changes and the living conditions of Indian immigrants. It literarily represents the aspects of cultural change such as hybridity, homogenization, assimilation and inclusiveness in the process of globalization. As such, the influence and significance of Indian Diaspora fiction cannot be ignored in the international literary enterprise, and its position in the history of world literature requires attention.