2008-2011年山西省阳泉市手足口病疫情监测分析

Surveillance of hand,foot and mouth disease in Yangquan in Shanxi,2008-2011

目的了解山西省阳泉市手足口病流行特征,为制定科学合理的防控措施提供依据。方法对2008-2011年网络直报系统的3328例手足口病例进行流行病学分析。结果 2008-2011年阳泉市共报告手足口病例3328例,其中重症4例、死亡1例。不同县(区)、不同年度间发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=957.21,P<0.01)。以<5岁儿童发病为主,男童显著高于女童(χ2=64.78,P<0.01),发病有明显的季节性,高峰为5-7月。对181例手足口病例咽拭子进行病毒核酸检测,阳性92份,其中肠道病毒71型32例,柯萨奇病毒A组16型22例,其他肠道病毒38例。结论阳泉市手足口病的发病有明显的季节性,存在年龄、性别差异,今后的防控重点应放在5岁以下年龄组,尤其要加强对托幼机构手足口病的防控指导工作。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease （HFMD） in Yangquan, Shanxi province and provide evidence for the development of effective prevention and control strategies. Methods Epidemiological analysis was conducted on the incidence data of HFMD reported in Yangquan through network directly from 2008 to 2011. Results A total of 3328 HFMD cases were reported during this period, including 4 severe cases and 1 death. The area and year specific differences in incidences were statistical significant. （X^2 =957. 21 ,P 〈0. 01 ）. Children under age 5 were mostly affected, and the cases in boys were more than those in girls, the difference was statistical significant （X^2 = 64. 78, P 〈 0. 01 ）. The seasonality of HFMD was obvious with incidence peak during May-July. Throat swabs were collected from 181 patients to detect the virus nucleic acid, and 32 swabs were EV71 positive, 22 were Cox A16 positive and 38 were other entericvirus positive. Conclusion The differences in HFMD incidences in terms of seasonality, age and gender were obvious in Yangquan. It is necessary to emphasize the HFMD prevention and control in children aged ≤ 5 years, especially in those in child care settings.