甘肃小陇山林区主要林分类型土壤水分物理性质研究

Physical Characteristics of the Soil Moisture in the Main Forest Types in Xiaolong Mountain

以小陇山林区4种主要林分类型土壤水分物理性质为研究对象,采用环刀法测定容重、孔隙度、贮水能力等指标进行对比研究。结果表明:4种主要林分类型土壤容重大小依次为阔叶混交林、日本落叶松林、针阔混交林、锐齿栎林,其均值为1.434、1.424、1.396、1.280g.cm-3;孔隙度大小依次为锐齿栎林、针阔混交林、阔叶混交林、日本落叶松林;各林分类型土壤随着土层厚度增加,土壤含水量、田间持水量及饱和持水量都呈现递减趋势;各林分类型土壤贮水能力大小依次为针阔混交林、阔叶混交林、锐齿栎林、日本落叶松林,其中针阔混交林土壤贮水能力最强,为916.0t.hm-2,日本落叶松林贮水能力最弱,为837.0t.hm-2。

Physical characteristics of the soil moisture in four main forest types of Xiaolong Mountain were investigated. The soil bulk density, soil porosity, and water storage capacity were comparatively studied by round knife method. The results showed that the soil bulk density of four forest stands was in the order of broadleaved forest〉Larix spp. 〉Pinus tabuliformis〉Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata with the mean val- ues of 1. 434 g . cm-3 ,1. 424 g .cm-3 ,1. 396g . cm-3 and 1. 280 g. cm-3 ,respectively. The order of soil porosity was Q. aliena var. acuteserrata〉P, tabuliformis〉broadleaved forest〉Larix spp. With the in- crease of soil thickness, soil moisture content, saturated water content and field moisture capacity decreased progressively. The capacity of preserving water was in the order of P. tabuliformis〉Q, vat. acuteserrata〉 Larix spp. 〉broadleaved forest. The capacity of preserving water of broadleaf forest was the weakest with the value of 837.0 t . hm -2. The capacity of preserving water of P. tabuliformis was the highest with the value of 916.0 t . hm-2.