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学校规模调控的依据与改进对策 被引量:17

The Principles of Regulation on School Scale and Its Improving Strategies
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摘要 经济效益、教育效益和社会效益是学校规模调控中需要特别关注的基本要素。按照"可容忍"及教育效益和社会效益适度优先原则处理三者的复杂关系是确立合理学校规模的基本依据。适度控制超小规模学校,着力发展中、小规模学校,严格控制大规模学校,是调控我国学校规模的总原则。解决我国当前学校规模调控中突出问题的主要对策是:调整义务教育管理体制,从县级统筹提升到省、市级统筹,削弱县(区)政府盲目撤并学校的内在冲动;强化顶层设计,把学校规模纳入区域经济、社会和文化生态保护的总体规划中进行布局;完善支持学生、家长和社区其他公民表达诉求和参与决策的信息通道和制度保障体系;按照新的思路和原则对城乡学校的布局及学校和班级规模重新进行规划和调整;研究相应的应急预案和补偿性干预手段,减少大规模学校的负面影响。 Economic profit, educational efficiency and social benefit are three basic factors needing to be considered when regulating school scale. To deal with the complex relationship among these three factors, according to the principles of "tolerableness" and the priority of education efficiency and social benefit, is the basic foundation to set up reasonable school scale. Moderately controlling the ultra-small scale schools, emphasizing on developing middle and small scale schools, and strictly controlling big scale school are the general principles to regulate our school scale. The feasible strategies to solve the problems of school scale resulted from the present school layout adjustment in China are as follows : adjusting the management mechanism of compulsory education, promoting the overall plan from the level of county to province and municipality, and releasing the county government's impetus to merge schools blindly; strengthening top-level design, and incorporating school scale into the overall planning of regional economic, social development and cultural ecology protection; improving the information channel and system guarantee system that support the students, parents and other community citizens in expressing their appeal and participating in decision-making; re-planning and re-adjusting the urban and rural school layout and the scale of school and class in accordance with the new thinking and principle; carrying out new research about the corresponding pre-arranged planning and compensatory intervening approach, and decreasing the negative effects of the large scale schools.
作者 傅维利 刘伟
出处 《教育研究》 CSSCI 北大核心 2013年第1期44-52,共9页 Educational Research
基金 张燕玲 傅维利主持的教育部基础教育一司重点研究项目"义务教育阶段学校合理规模研究"(项目编号:YWJY2011A4)的研究成果
关键词 中小学学校规模 义务教育 学校布局调控 the scale of primary and middle school, compulsory education, school layout adjustment
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